Preheat oven to 450° and position racks in the upper and lower thirds.
In medium skillet, heat 2 tablespoons of olive oil. Add onion, cover and cook over moderately high heat until softened, 5 minutes; reduce heat and cook, stirring, until very soft and lightly caramelized, 15 minutes.
Transfer onion to bowl and let cool slightly. Add brussels sprouts, cheese and pancetta to the bowl and season with salt and pepper. Stir in 1/8 cup of the olive oil.
Lightly brush rimmed baking sheet with olive oil. On lightly floured work surface, shape dough into a rectangle about 1/4 inch thick. Transfer dough to baking sheet and brush with remaining olive oil.
Spread mixture on the dough and bake for 25 minutes, until golden and crispy.
Carefully remove flatbread from pan onto a work surface. Cut into rectangles and serve with lemon wedges.